SUREN BAGHINYAN
PhD student of the Criminal Procedure and
Criminalistics Department of Yerevan State University
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59546/18290744-2025.7-9-135
Annotation.
The author, analyzing various sources of criminalistics literature and recent developments in investigative practice, has identified the typical models of the mechanism of treason and substantiated their practical significance for increasing the effectiveness of investigations.
To fully present the criminalistic characteristics of a crime, it is first necessary to reveal the mechanism of its manifestation, its structure, and its elements. In criminalistics, the concept of a “crime mechanism” is broader than its criminal-legal definition. It includes not only the illegal actions but also the dynamics of their development, the relationships among the crime participants, and a complete systemic picture of the process.
The crime mechanism is a sequence of interactions that result in the creation of trace reflections, which contain information of significant criminalistic value about the crime itself and its participants. Each individual interaction implies the presence of another interaction’s course or is a formative element of the latter, as a result of which the entire system acquires a stable and dynamic nature.
Based on the above, the crime mechanism can be understood as a system of both direct and indirect interactions between the crime participants, as well as between them and the material world, which is accompanied by the use of corresponding tools, means, and individual elements of the situation.
Scientific approaches propose using typical models of a criminal event, which provide a more complete and systemic picture of the investigation. Theorists note that a criminal-legal characteristic only partially reflects the aspects of criminal activity, while modeling allows for revealing developmental regularities and building a systemic methodology for the investigation.
It is notable that typical models of a crime are distinguished based on the elements of the crime mechanism’s structure. The same applies to the typical models of the criminal mechanism of treason, which make it possible to reveal the possible investigative situations and regularities in the investigation of this type of crime.
Thus, the typification of the models of the treason mechanism makes it possible to develop a clear plan of investigation and an algorithm of actions, which in turn ensures the effectiveness and organization of the investigation.
